सत्यात्मनाम् among truthful men, वरः best, रामः Rama, जाबालेः Jabali's, वचः words, श्रुत्वा hearing, परया supreme, भक्त्या with devotion, अविपन्नया unshaken, स्वबुद्ध्या च by his own judgment, उवाच said.
Meaning
Hearing Jabali's words, Rama, the foremost among the truthful, gave a rejoinder, exercising his own judgment and firm conviction with due respect (to Jabali).
भवान् you, मे to me, प्रियकामार्थम् with a desire to please, यत् what, वचनम् words, इह now, उक्तवान् has spoken, कार्यसङ्काशम् in the guise of an action fit to be done, अकार्यम् is unfit to be done, पथ्यसम्मतम् appears to be beneficial, अपथ्यम् is detrimental.
Meaning
Althoug what you have said appears to be salutary, it is actually unwholesome. It appears to be beneficial but is really detrimental.
nirmaryādastu puruṣḥ pāpācārasamanvitḥ| mānṃ na labhate satsu bhinnacāritradarśanḥ||2.109.3||
Translation
निर्मर्यादः one who transgresses all bounds of morality, पापाचारसमन्वितः one who is engaged in evil deeds, भिन्नचारित्रदर्शनः opposed to good character, पुरुषः a man, सत्सु amongst the virtuous, मानम् respect, न लभते does not obtain.
Meaning
A man not bound by morality, engaged in evil deeds and conducts himself contrary to good character is not respected by the virtuous.
कुलीनम् highborn, अकुलीनं वा or base, वीरम् brave, पुरुषमानिनम् proud of his manliness, शुचिं वा pure or honest, यदि वा or if, अशुचिं impure or dishonest, चारित्रमेव character alone, व्याख्याति tells.
Meaning
It is only the character that tells whether a man is highborn or not, brave or only proud of his manliness, honest or dishonest.
आर्यसङ्काशः who appears as noble, अनार्यः ignoble, शौचात् clean, हीनः devoid of, तथा and, अशुचिः impure, लक्षण्यवत् appears virtuous, अलक्षण्यः bereft of virtues, शीलवानिव like a man of character, दुश्शीलः depraved, शुभम् auspiciousness, हित्वा abandoning, धर्मवेशेण under the guise of righteousness, लोकसङ्कुरम् confusion in the world, क्रियाविधिविवर्जितम् devoid of pious acts and scriptural practices, इमम् this, अधर्मम् unrighteousness, अभिपत्स्ये यदि if I were to acquire, दुर्वृत्तम् engaged in wicked acts, लोकदूषणम् harmful to the world, माम् me, लोके in the world, कार्याकार्यविचक्षणः discriminating between should and should not, चेतयानः sensible, कः पुरुषः what man, बहुमंस्यति would be held in high esteem?
Meaning
If like a man who appears noble, though ignoble, clean, though unclean or dishonest, auspicious, though inauspicious, a man of character, though depraved, I forsake auspicious ways for unrighteousness, abandon pious acts and scriptural practices and indulge, under the cloak of dharma, in acts of wickedness by causing harm and confusion to the world, will any sensible man with a sense of discrimination between should and should not hold me in high esteem?
अहम् I, हीनप्रतिज्ञया by breaking the vow, अनया with this, वृत्त्या practice, वर्तमानः presently, कस्य to whom, वृत्तम् virtuous conduct, दास्यामि can I give, केन वा to whom, स्वर्गम् heaven, आप्नुयाम् can I attain.
Meaning
How can I advise others for a virtuous conduct or how can I attain heaven if I break the vow which I follow at present.
kāmavṛttastvayṃ lokḥ kṛtsna ssamupavartate| yadvṛttā ssanti rājānastadvṛttā ssanti hi prajāḥ||2.109.9||
Translation
अयम् this, कृत्स्नः entire, लोकः a world, कामवृत्तः do whatever they wish, समुपवर्तते behaving, राजानः kings, यद्वृत्ताः सन्ति whatever be their conduct, प्रजाः the subjects, तद्वृत्ताः सन्ति हि they are sure to emulate the same conduct.
Meaning
The entire world conducts itself as per its own sweet will. Therefore the subjects will follow the same path as their kings.
satyamevānṛśṃsṃ ca rājavṛttṃ sanātanam| tasmātsatyātmakṃ rājyṃ satye lokḥ pratiṣṭhitḥ||2.109.10||
Translation
सनातनम् eternal, राजवृत्तम् royal ways, सत्यमेव is a manifestation of truth, अनृशंसं च nonviolent, तस्मात् therefore, राज्यम् kingdom, सत्यात्मकम् of the character of truth, लोकः this world, सत्ये on truth, प्रतिष्ठितः is established.
Meaning
Truth and nonviolence are the perpetual principles of kings. Therefore, a kingdom is based on truth. This world is firmly established in truth.
ṛṣayaścaiva devāśca satyameva hi menire| satyavādī hi loke'sminparamṃ gacchati kṣayam||2.109.11||
Translation
ऋषयश्चैव sages, देवाश्च the gods or, सत्यमेव the truth only, मेनिरे considered (supreme virtue), सत्यवादी truthful, अस्मिन् लोके in this world, परमम् highest, क्षयम् state, गच्छति attains, हि indeed.
Meaning
Sages and gods all accept truth (as the supreme virtue). A truthful man of this world, attains the highest state (abode).
अनृतवादिनः from one speaking untruth, नरात् from man, सर्पात् यथा like from a serpent, उद्विजन्ते are agitated, लोके in this world, सत्यम् truth, परः greatest, धर्मः virtue, स्वर्गस्य to heaven, मूलं च is the very root, उच्यते is said to be.
Meaning
People are frightened at the sight of a man speaking untruth as though they have seen a serpent. Truth in this world is the greatest virtue and is said to be the very foundation of heaven.
लोके in this world, सत्यमेव truth only, ईश्वरः is God, पद्मा godess of wealth, सदा always, सत्यम् in truth, आश्रिता seeks refuge, सर्वाणि all beings, सत्यमूलानि truth as basis, सत्यात् more than truth, परम् supreme ,पदम् higher state, नास्ति there is nothing.
Meaning
Truth is God. The goddess of wealth always takes refuge in truth. Truth is the root of everything. It is supreme and there is nothing above it.
दत्तम् charity, इष्टं च sacrifice, हुतं चैव libation, तप्तानि mortifications, तपांसि च asceticism, वेदाः the Vedas, सत्यप्रतिष्ठानाः have truth as the foundation, तस्मात् therefore, सत्यपरः भवेत् one should adhere to truth.
Meaning
Charity, sacrifice, libations, mortifications, asceticism and the Vedas have truth as their foundation. Therefore, every one should be an adherent of truth.
so'hṃ piturniyogṃ tu kimarthṃ nānupālaye| satyapratiśrava ssatyṃ satyena samayīkṛtḥ||2.109.16||
Translation
सत्यप्रतिश्रवः true to promise, सः अहम् that I, सत्येन by truth, समयीकृतः bound by, पितुः father's, सत्यम् vow, नियोगम् command, किमर्थम् why, नानुपालये will not I obey.
Meaning
I am always true to any promise. I am bound by truth. Why shouId I (now) disobey my father's command (to keep his promise)?
naiva lobhānna mohādvā na hyajñānāttamo'nvitḥ| setuṃ satyasya bhetsyāmi guro ssatyapratiśravḥ||2.109.17||
Translation
सत्यप्रतिश्रवः true to one's, गुरोः father's, सत्यस्य of truth, सेतुम् bridge, लोभात् out of greed, नैव भेत्स्यामि will not break, मोहाद्वा or out of delusion, न not, तमोऽन्वितः due to ignorance (illusion), अज्ञानात् out of ignorance, न not.
Meaning
I am always true to my promise. I will not break the bridge of truth of my father out of either greed or delusion or ignorance or illusion.
asatyasandhasya sataścalasyāsthiracetasḥ| naiva devā na pitarḥ pratīcchantīti nḥ śrutam||2.109.18||
Translation
असत्यसन्धस्य सतः one who is inclined to untruth, चलस्य of a fickle man, अस्थिरचेतसः of an unsteady mind, देवाः gods, न प्रतीच्छन्ति will not accept, पितरः ancestors, इति thus, नः for us, श्रुतम् heard.
Meaning
We have heard that the offerings of a man inclined to untruth, of an unstable and unsteady mind are accepted neither by the gods nor by the ancestors.
अहम् I, स्वयम् personally, इमम् this, सत्यं धर्मम् righteousness in the form of truth, प्रत्यगात्मम् as supreme self, पश्यामि I perceive (consider), तदर्थम् hence, सत्पुरुषाचीर्णः practised by the virtuous, भारः this burden (of exile into the forest), अभिमन्यते I consider.
Meaning
I personally regard this righteousness practised by the virtuous as an evident form of truth, as the supreme self. Therefore, this burden (difficult task of living as an exile) is gratifying to me.
क्षुद्रैः by the mean, नृशंसैः by the cruel, लुब्धै: by the greedy, पापकर्मभिः by men of evil deeds, सेवितम् pursued, धर्मसंहितम् conforming to righteousness, अधर्मम् unrighteousness, क्षात्रं धर्मम् kshatriya code of condut, अहम् I, त्यक्षे renounce.
Meaning
I renounce the socalled kshatriya code of conduct followed by the mean the cruel, the greedy and by men of evil deeds which is unrighteousness under the cloak of righteousness.
मनसा by mind, सम्प्रधार्य having conceived, कायेन by the body, पापम् sin (evil deed), कुरुते is committed, जिह्वया with tongue, अनृतं च falsehood, आह is spoken, पातकं कर्म sinful action, त्रिविधम् is in these three ways.
Meaning
At first a man conceives an evil idea in his mind, then executes it through evil deed with his body and tells a lie through his tongue. Thus sinful action is three dimensional (mental, physical and vocal).
भूमिः land, कीर्ति: fame, यशः renown, लक्ष्मीः wealth, पुरुषम् to a man, प्रार्थयन्ति हि desire to, स्वर्गस्थं च one who is in heaven, अनुपश्यन्ति will look at, ततः from, सत्यमेव truth only, भजेत take recourse to.
Meaning
Land (kingdom) glory, and wealth pursue a man, they long for him even if he is in heaven. Therefore, every one must take recourse to truth alone.
भवान् you, श्रेष्ठम् as excellent, अवधार्य decided, भद्रम् auspicious, इदम् this course, कुरुष्व pursue, युक्ति करैः cleverlyworded, वाक्यैः with statements, माम् to me, यत् that, आह said (thought), अनार्यमेव is ignoble, स्यात् will be.
Meaning
The course you thought excellent and 'this auspicious act' you urged me in a cleverlyworded statement to perform is ignoble indeed.
अहम् I, इमं वनवासम् this dwelling in the forest, गुरौ to father, प्रतिज्ञाय having sworn, गुरोः father's, वचः words, हित्वा disregarding, भरतस्य Bharata's, वचः words, कथम् how, करिष्यामि shall I do?
Meaning
Having sworn before my father that I would live in the forest, how can I act upon Bharata's request in disregard to my father's words?
मया by me, गुरुसन्निधौ in the presence of my father, स्थिरा firm, प्रतिज्ञा vow, प्रतिज्ञाता is sworn, तदा then, सा that, देवी कैकेयी च Devi Kaikeyi, प्रहृष्यमाणा अभवत् became immensely delighted.
Meaning
I had taken a firm vow in the presence of my father (about my stay in the forest). And then Devi Kaikeyi was immensely delighted.
अहम् I, शुचिः purified, नियतभोजनः with regulated food, पुण्यैः by holy, मूलैः with roots, पुष्पैः with flowers, फलैः with fruits, पित्रून् to ancestors, देवांश्च to gods, तर्पयन् satisfying through libation, सन्तुष्टपञ्चवर्गः with five senses contented, अकुहः honest, श्रद्धधानस्सन् with faith, कार्याकार्यविचक्षणः discriminating ought to be done and what not to, what is right and what is wrong, एवम् in this way, वनवासम् forest life, वसन् living, लोकयात्राम् the term of life, प्रवर्तये shall spend.
Meaning
I shall spend the term of my forest life with faith and holiness and purity of mind and with regulated food and with ancestors and gods satisfied with offerings of roots, flowers and fruits, with my five senses contented and with a mind that discriminates between what ought to be done and what ought not to be done.
अहम् I, शुचिः purified, नियतभोजनः with regulated food, पुण्यैः by holy, मूलैः with roots, पुष्पैः with flowers, फलैः with fruits, पित्रून् to ancestors, देवांश्च to gods, तर्पयन् satisfying through libation, सन्तुष्टपञ्चवर्गः with five senses contented, अकुहः honest, श्रद्धधानस्सन् with faith, कार्याकार्यविचक्षणः discriminating ought to be done and what not to, what is right and what is wrong, एवम् in this way, वनवासम् forest life, वसन् living, लोकयात्राम् the term of life, प्रवर्तये shall spend.
Meaning
I shall spend the term of my forest life with faith and holiness and purity of mind and with regulated food and with ancestors and gods satisfied with offerings of roots, flowers and fruits, with my five senses contented and with a mind that discriminates between what ought to be done and what ought not to be done.
इमाम् this, कर्मभूमिम् the land of (religious) actions, प्राप्य having reached, यत् whichever, शुभम् is auspicious, कर्म deed, कर्तव्यम् should be performed, अग्नि: Agni, वायुश्च Vayu, सोमश्च Soma, कर्मणाम् (religious) rites, फलभागिनः have obtained a share of the fruits.
Meaning
Having reached this land of (religious) actions, one should perform auspicious rites. As fruit of their actions, Agni, Vayu and Soma have obtained their status.
देवराट् king of the gods (Indra), क्रतूनाम् sacrifices, शतम् hundred, अहृत्य having performed, त्रिदिवम् to heaven, गतः went, महर्षयः great sages, उग्राणि intenese, तपांसि mortifications, आस्थाय after resorting to, दिवम् heaven, याताः attained.
Meaning
After performing a hundred sacrifices, king of the gods (Indra) obtained (dominion over) heaven. Great sages attained heaven after resorting to intense mortifications.
satyṃ ca dharmṃ ca parākramṃ ca bhūtānukampāṃ priyavāditāṃ ca| dvijātidevātidhipūjanṃ ca panthānamāhustridivasya santḥ||2.109.31||
Translation
सत्यं च truthfulness, धर्मं च righteousness, पराक्रमं च valour, भूतानुकम्पाम् compassion for all beings, प्रियवादितां च speaking pleasing words, द्विजातिदेवातिथिपूजनं च offering homage to gods, brahmins and guests, त्रिदिवस्य of heaven, पन्थानम् is the path, सन्तः virtuous people, आहुः say.
Meaning
The virtuous maintain that truthfulness, righteousness, valour, compassion towards all beings, speaking pleasing words, paying homage to gods, brahmins and guests -- all these are paths to heaven.
तेन therefore, विप्राः brahmins, अर्थम् meaning, यथावत् rightly, आज्ञाय having understood, एकोदयम् the goal, सम्प्रतिपद्य having reached, सकलम् entire, धर्मम् righteousness, यथावत् duly, अप्रमत्ताः with utmost care, चरन्तः practising, लोकागमम् attainment of higher positions, काङ्क्षन्ति desire.
Meaning
Therefore, brahmins who have rightly understood the meaning of righteousness and adopt, with unmost care, the righteous ways as laid down in the scriptures seek attainment of higher positions.
यः who, विषमस्थबुद्धिम् (following the dishonest path with) perilous intelligence, एवं विधया such, बुद्ध्या with mind, चरन्तम् following, सुनास्तिकम् a great atheist, धर्मपथात् from the path of rightousness, आपेतम् dislodged, त्वाम् you, अगृह्णात् had taken, पितुः father, तत् that, कृतम् done, कर्म act, अहम् I, निन्दामि blame.
Meaning
You are a great atheist, you have fallen from the path of righteousness. You are guided by an intellect which is extremely peridous. I, therefore, disapprove of my father's decision in inducting a man like you (into the council of ministers).
yathā hi cora: sa tathā hi buddhastathāgatṃ nāstikamatra viddhi| tasmāddhi ya: śaṅkyatamḥ prajānām na nāstikenābhimukho budha: syāt||2.109.34||
Translation
चोरः thief, यथा हि as he is, सः that, बुद्धः Buddha, a wise man, तथा हि is like that, तथागतम् Tathagata, having arrived, अत्र here, नास्तिकम् as an atheist, विद्धि know, तस्मात् hence, यः that one, प्रजानाम् for people, शङ्क्यतमः to be highly distrusted, बुधः learned man, नास्तिकेन with atheist, अभिमुखः come in contact, न स्यात् should not .
Meaning
Just as a thief, so is the Buddha (a wise men). Know that the Tathagatas are atheists. They are men most distrusted among the people. A learned man should avoid atheists. (Note: Verses 31 to 39 appear to be interpolations, It is anachronistic to talk about Buddha in Tretayuga.)
tvatto janāḥ pūrvatare dvijācśra śubhāni karmāṇi bahūni cakruḥ| jitvā sademṃ ca parṃ ca lokṃ tasmāvdijā svasti hutṃ kṛtṃ ca||2.109.35||
Translation
त्वत्तः to you, पूर्वतरे in preceding generations, वराश्च superior, जनाः men, शुभानि auspicious, बहूनि many, कर्माणि acts, चक्रुः performed, सदा always, इमं च this world, परं च the other world, जित्वा had conquered, तस्मात् therefore, द्विजाः twiceborn (brahmins), स्वस्ति of welfare, कृतम् (religious) acts, हुतं च also libations.
Meaning
Men superior to you in preceding generations had conquered this world and the other world by always performing many auspicious acts. Twiceborn brahmins perform religious acts and offer libations for the welfare of the world.
धर्मे in righteousness, रताः are engaged, सत्पुरुषैः with men of virtue, समेताः are associated, तेजस्विनः of radiant, दानगुण प्रधानाः charity as their chief virtue, अहिंसकाः eschewing violence, वीतमलाः purged of their sins, प्रधानाः supreme, मुनयः ascetics, लोके in this world, पूज्याः भवन्ति are truly worthy of reverence.
Meaning
Those supreme ascetics who are radiant, devoted to righteousness and associated with men of virtue, with charity as their chief virtue, eschewing violence and purged of their impurities are truly worthy of reverence in this world.
iti bruvantṃ vacanṃ saroṣṃ rāmṃ mahātmānamadīnasattvam| uvāca pathyṃ punarāstikṃ ca satyṃ vaca: sānunayṃ ca viprḥ||2.109.37||
Translation
इति thus, सरोषम् wrathful, वचनम् words, ब्रुवन्तम् speaking, महा त्मानम् magnanimous, अदीनसत्त्वम् with fearless intellect, रामम् Rama, विप्रः that brahmin, पथ्यम् beneficial, आस्तिकम् full of faith, सत्यम् of truth, वचः in words, पुनः again, सानुनयम् humbly, उवाच said.
Meaning
Having heard the wrathful words of the magnanimous Rama of fearless intellect, that brahmin (Jabali) thus humbly replied in palatable, truthful words full of faith (in god).
na nāstikānāṃ vacanṃ bravīmyahṃ na nāstiko'hṃ na ca nāsti kiñcana| samīkṣya kālṃ punarāstiko'bhavṃ bhaveya kāle punareva nāstikḥ||2.109.38||
Translation
अहम् I, नास्तिकानाम् atheists', वचनम् the language, न ब्रवीमि I do not speak, अहम् I, नास्तिकः an atheist, न not, किञ्चन in the least, न च नास्ति it is not that it (the other world) does not exist, कालम् time, समीक्ष्य seeing (in keeping with), पुनः again, आस्तिकः अभवम् I become believer, काले on other occasion, पुनरेव again, नास्तिकः भवेय I shall become a nonbeliever.
Meaning
I do not speak the language of atheists. I am not an atheist. I do not say that the next world does not exist. In keeping with time (occasion) I shall speak the language of a believer or a nonbeliever.
na cāpi kālo'ya mupāgataśśanairyathā mayā nāstikavāgudīritā| nivartanārthṃ tava rāma kāraṇāt prasādanārthṃ ca mayaitadīritam||2.109.39||
Translation
राम O Rama, सः that, अयं कालः चापि appropriate time, शनैः slowly, उपागतः has come, मया by me, यथा as, नास्तिक वाक् words of an atheist, उदीरिता have been uttered, निवर्तनार्थम् to make you return, प्रसादनार्थं च to please you too, तव कारणात् for you, मया by me, एतत् all this, ईरितम् declared told.
Meaning
O Rama, since the appropriate time has slowly come, I have uttered this. In order to persuade you to return and to propitiate you I have said these words. इत्यार्षे श्रीमद्रामायणे वाल्मीकीय आदिकाव्ये अयोध्याकाण्डे नवोत्तरशततमस्सर्गः।। Thus ends the one hundredninth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.